4-H Essential Elements

Using the 4-H Essential Elements in youth activities is key to positive youth development. These elements strengthen relationships between youth and adults, build real-world skills, and create safe, inclusive environments where young people can grow and thrive. When youth feel supported and valued, they are more likely to develop confidence, engage in their communities, and make meaningful contributions to society.

Eight essential elements have been identified as critical to youth well-being and development. Together, they create the foundation for effective youth programs and help young people become competent, caring, and contributing citizens.

Volunteer teaching 4-Herss about
Computers and Technology
Davidson County School and Community Garden Coordinator is pictured here teaching a lesson to 4-H’ers with the Learn, Eat, Grow & Go lessons. These youth are enjoying learning through hands-on lessons and activities about gardening and nutrition. Many of the 4-H’ers commented that they had no idea how some of their food grows, but they want to start a garden of their own at home.

Belonging

1. Positive relationship with a caring adult
2. An inclusive environment
3. A safe environment

Mastery

4. Engagement in learning
5. Opportunity for mastery

Independence

6. Opportunity to see oneself as an activity participant in the future
7. Opportunity for self-determination

Generosity

8. Opportunity to value and practice service to others

Each individual element is important. However, it is the combination of these elements that creates an environment that promotes positive youth development. It is important to be aware of these elements when designing activities because they help professionals and volunteers ensure that experiences, programs, and activities intentionally offer opportunities for hands-on, experiential learning in environments where youth feel safe, can master new skills and abilities, and develop the confidence they need to contribute to their local communities in a positive way.

Adapted from 4-H Essential Elements of 4-H Youth Development, Cathann Kress (2004).

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